2019年10自學考試00015《英語(二)》串講(一)

UNIT 2

1、word study

exert,collapse,lauch,operate

① exert

vt.盡(力);發揮(威力等);施加(壓力等);產生(影響等);行使(職權等)

He has exerted all his strength to attain his goal.

他已盡了全力以達到自己的目標。

He has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my mind.

他一直在施加種種壓力要我改變主意。

These principles exerted great influence upon the course of the revolution.

這些原則對革命進程產生了很大的影響。

② collapse

n.1、倒塌，崩潰，瓦解;2、(健康等)垮掉，(因精疲力竭等原因)倒下

The storm caused the collapse of the wooden shelter.

暴風雨使這個避風雨的木棚倒塌了。

He suffered from a nervous collapse.

他的精神崩潰了。

The collapse of the government left the country in confusion.

政府的倒臺使全國陷入混亂之中。

vi.倒塌，崩潰

The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.

屋頂被雪壓塌了。

The negotiations collapsed after several meetings.

會談了幾次之后，談判破裂了。

In the last weeks of the war she collapsed from long imprisonment.

在戰爭的最后幾個星期里她的身體因長期監禁而垮掉了。

③ lauch

vt 1、發射，投射;2、使(船)下水

The satellite was launched in a rocket.

這顆衛星是由火箭發射的。

The hunter launched a spear at the wolf.

獵人把矛向狼擲去。

A new ship has been successfully launched.

一條新船已成功地下水。

vt ./vi.發動，發起(運動等)

launch out into 開始，著手進行

Our army launched an attack on the enemy.

我們的軍隊向敵人發起猛攻。

The police launched an investigation into the case.

警察對此案開展了調查。

The research group launched out into a series of new experiment.

研究小組著手進行了一系列新的實驗。

④ operate

vi. 1、運轉，起作用;2、動手術(on,upon)

The elevator operates smoothly.

電梯運行順利。

The medicine gradually operated.

藥物逐漸奏效了。

The doctor operated on the neck of the patient.

醫生給病人的頸部動手術。

vt.1、操作，操縱，經營;2、對。。。動手術

This airline operates five main lines and dozens of branch lines.

這家航空公司經營五條主干線和十幾條支線。

Do you know how to operate the machine?

你知道怎么開這臺機器嗎?

The doctor operated the patient on the neck.

醫生給病人的頸部動手術。

He was operated on for lung cancer.

他因肺癌動了手術。